Sunday, July 1, 2012

The Ancient Civilization of the Philippines


Long before the Muslim, Chinese and Spaniards came to the Philippines, the Filipinos were already civilize and literate.  It was common to them to use gold as ornaments in their clothing and jewelry.  The Philippines is known as the island of gold.


THE LAGUNA COPPERPLATE INSCRIPTION

THE BEGINNING OF PHILIPPINE HISTORY: MONDAY, APRIL 21, 900 C.E

"...a document was found in 1989 that was written in a much older and more complex writing system than the baybayin.  On that day in 1989, a man in the concrete business was dredging sand at the mouth of the Lumbang River near Laguna de Ba’y when he uncovered a blackened roll of metal. Usually he would just throw away such junk, as it tended to get jammed in his equipment, but when he unfurled the roll he saw that it was a sheet of copper with strange writing on it, about the size of a magazine.  He offered the copper sheet to one of the antiques dealers in the area who bought it for next to nothing. The dealer, in turn, tried to sell it for a profit but when he found no buyers, he eventually sold it to the Philippine National Museum for just 2000 pesos.  In 1990, Antoon Postma, a Dutch expert in ancient Philippine scripts and Mangyan writing, and a long-time resident of the Philippines, translated the document that came to be known as the Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI). When he saw that the writing looked similar to the ancient Indonesian script called Kavi, and that the document bore a date from the ancient Sanskrit calendar, he enlisted the help of fellow Dutchman, Dr. Johann de Casparis, whose area of expertise was ancient Indonesia.  Casparis confirmed that the script and the words used in the Laguna document were exactly the same as those that were used on the island Java at the time stated in the document, which was the year 822, in the old Hindu calendar or the year 900 C.E. (Common Era) on our calendar.  In 1996, a Filipino history buff in California, Hector Santos, precisely converted the Sanskrit date over to our calendar by using astronomical software and some historical detective work. He determined that the Sanskrit date written on the plate was exactly Monday, April 21, 900 C.E.  In spite of the similarities to Javanese documents, the copper plate had some peculiarities that led scholars to believe that it was not from the island of Java. First: the LCI did not mention the king of Java at that time, King Balitung. It was the custom at that time to always mention the name of the king in official documents. Second: the language used in the document was not only Sanskrit. It was a mixture of Sanskrit, Old Javanese, Old Malay and Old Tagalog. And third: the method of writing was different. At that time in Java the characters were impressed into heated copper, but the characters on the Laguna plate seemed to have been hammered into cold copper.  In his examination, Postma learned that the inscription was a pardon from the Chief of Tondo that erased the debt of a man named Namwaran. His debt was one kati and eight suwarna, or about 926.4 grams of gold. Today in 2006, this is equal to about $18,600 Canadian.  The document mentioned a few towns that still exist today: Tundun, which is now Tondo in Metro Manila and three towns in Bulakan; Pailah or Paila, Puliran or Pulilan, and Binwangan. A town in Agusan del Norte on Mindanao called Dewata or Diwata also appears in the text. Diwata is near Butuan, which has been a rich source of ancient artefacts. A place called Medang was mentioned, too, which is possibly Medan in Sumatra, Indonesia. Also, the name of Namwaran’s son was given as Bukah, a name that may have some relation to the town of Gatbuka in Bulakan. Gat is a title similar to “Sir” for a knight.  So, because of the places mentioned in the text and because of the plate’s differences to typical Indonesian documents, it was Postma’s opinion that it was an inhabitant of the ancient Philippines who made the LCI and that it was most likely not the work of a hoaxer.  As is often the case, though, this discovery has raised more questions than answers.  It is only one document but it seems to have revealed a widespread culture with Hindu influences in the Philippines before the arrival of the Spaniards and even before the Muslims. Did ordinary Filipinos share this culture or were the people mentioned in the document just members of a small ruling class of foreigners? Was their culture pushed out of the islands when the Muslims arrived in the 12th or 13th century?  Did Filipinos once speak Sanskrit or was it reserved for important documents written by an elite minority? There are certainly some Sanskrit influences in Philippine languages but nobody was speaking it by the time the Spaniards arrived.  And what happened to this Kavi style of writing? It was a far more advanced and accurate way to write than the baybayin script that Filipinos were using 500 years later. Perhaps only that elite minority used it and so it disappeared with them.  Whatever the answers, it hints at some exciting discoveries to come in the future."



Is Philippines ancient name is ophir?



When the Spanish came they discovered an abundance of gold used among the people of the Philippine islands. Here are some relevant quotes: 

Pieces of gold, the size of walnuts and eggs are found by sifting the earth in the island of that king who came to our ships. All the dishes of that king are of gold and also some portion of his house as we were told by that king himself...He had a covering of silk on his head, and wore two large golden earrings fastened in his ears...At his side hung a dagger, the haft of which was somewhat long and all of gold, and its scabbard of carved wood. He had three spots of gold on every tooth, and his teeth appeared as if bound with gold. --- Pigafetta on Raja Siaui of Butuan during Magellan's voyage 

For brass, iron and other weighty articles, they gave us gold in exchange...For 14 pounds of iron we received 10 pieces of gold, of the value of a ducat and a half. The Captain General forbade too great an anxiety for receiving gold, without which order every sailor would have parted with all he had to obtain this metal, which would have ruined our commerce forever.  --- Pigafetta on gold trade in Cebu 

Sailing in this manner, for some time, in 16° of north latitude, they were obliged by continual contrary winds, to bear up again for the Philippine islands, and in their way back, had sight of six or seven additional islands, but did not anchor at any of them. They found also an archipelago, or numerous cluster of islands, in 15 or 16 degrees of north latitude, well inhabited by a white people, with beautiful well-proportioned women, and much better clothed than in any other of the islands of these parts; and they had many golden ornaments, which was a sure sign that there was some of that metal in their country.  --- Antonio Galvão in 1555 describing the journey of Bartholomew de la Torre in 1548 

"...the ore is so rich that I will not write any more about it, as I might possibly come under a suspicion of exaggerating; but I swear by Christ that there is more gold on this island than there is iron in all Biscay."  --- Hernando Riquel et al., 1574 

In this island, there are many gold mines, some of which have been inspected by the Spaniards, who say that the natives work them as is done in Nueva Espana with the mines of silver; and, as in these mines, the vein of ore here is continuous. Assays have been made, yielding so great wealth that I shall not endeavor to describe them, lest I be suspected of lying. Time will prove the truth.  --- Hernando Riquel et al. on island of Luzon, 1574 

There are some chiefs in this island who have on their persons ten or twelve thousand ducats' worth of gold in jewels--to say nothing of the lands, slaves, and mines that they own. There are so many of these chiefs that they are innumerable. Likewise the individual subjects of these chiefs have a great quantity of the said jewels of gold, which they wear on their persons--bracelets, chains, and earrings of solid gold, daggers of gold, and other very rich trinkets. These are generally seen among them, and not only the chiefs and freemen have plenty of these jewels, but even slaves possess and wear golden trinkets upon their persons, openly and freely. --- Guido de Lavezaris at al., 1574 

About their necks they wear gold necklaces, wrought like spun wax, and with links in our fashion, some larger than others. On their arms they wear armlets of wrought gold, which they call calombigas, and which are very large and made in different patterns. Some wear strings of precious stones--cornelians and agates; and other blue and white stones, which they esteem highly. They wear around the legs some strings of these stones, and certain cords, covered with black pitch in many foldings, as garters. -- Antonio de Morga, 1609 

"... the natives proceed more slowly in this ,and content themselves with what they already possess in jewels and gold ingots handed down from antiquity and inherited from their ancestors. This is considerable, for he must be poor and wrethced who has no gold chains, calombigas, and earrings." -- Antonio de Morga, 1609 


The Tagalog Script

In 1571, the Spaniards found the people in Manila and other places writing on bamboo and specially prepared palm leaves using knives and styli. They were using the ancient Tagalog script which had 17 basic symbols, three of which were the vowels a, i, and u. Each basic consonantal symbol had the inherent a sound: ka, ga, nga, ta, da, na, pa, ba, ma, ya, la, wa, sa, and ha.




Experts estimate that the archaelogical gold and jewelries unearthed at Sitio Magruyon, Surigao del Norte were made between the 10th and 13th centuries or 300 years before Magellan reached the Philippines.  
One of the objects in the gold collection is called Kinari, a goddess in Hindu religion, which was uniquely designed because of its three-dimensional features.  Another is the pure gold sash called the sacred thread which was was known only in royal ceremonies in ancient India.  There are three different layers of gold with different designs intricately woven to each other which was made 1,000 years ago by advanced civilization in the ancient Philippines. 








The discovery of golden tara and of very old cave artifacts called Maitum Anthropomorphic Potteries. Ancient burial jars were discovered by archaeologists, artifacts found thereat prove settlements of pre-historic civilization in Maitum, Sarangani Province.



















17 comments:

  1. History of the Filipino People
    Sa aklat ni Gregorio F. Zaide “History of the Filipino People”sa pahina 24, ay pinatunayan ni Padre Chirino na sa lahat ng mga wika ang ‘Tagalog’ ay ang pinakamainam ayon sa mga pantas. “ Natagpuan ko sa wikang ito, sinabi ni Padre Chirino na Hesuita na dalubhasa ng kasaysayan, na apat na katangian ng apat na malalaking wika ng sanlibutan – Hebreo, Grego, Latin at Espanyol. Ito ay may Misteryo at walang nakaka-alam na kahawig ng Hebreo.
    “Of all our languages, the Tagalog has been adjudged the best by scholars. “I found in this language,” said Padre Chirino, eminent Jesuit-historian, “four qualities of the four greatest languages of the world–Hebrew, Greek, Latin and Spanish. It has “MYSTERY and OBSCURITIES of the HEBREW”,

    Wikang Tagalog ay Kahawig ng Wikang Hebreo
    (Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance Hebrew Dictionary)
    TAGALOG SALITANG HEBREO IBIG SABIHIN SA ENGLISH
    1. AHA Ahahh exclamatory

    2. ALILA Alilah to overdo

    3. ALE Ale female master

    4. ALAM Alam concealed

    5. ANAK Anak to be narrow

    6. ANTIK Anthiyq antique

    7. ASA Awsaw to do or make

    8. BAKYA Bekee-ah break forth in pieces

    9. BALAM Balam to be held in

    10. BALAK Balaq to annihilate

    11. BAROK Baruwk blessed

    12. BATA Bata to babble in speech

    13. BWISIT Bosheth shame, confusion

    14. CUBAO Chobawb to hide, hiding place

    15. KABA Kabah to expire in heart

    16. KABARET Chabareth female consort

    17. KABAYAN Chabayah Yah has hidden

    18. KABILA Khav-ee-law circular

    19. KALAS Khaw-lash to overthrown

    20. KALUKAW Khal-ook-kaw division

    21. KAMAO Khaw-mawn image

    22. KAMOT Khamoth wisdom

    23. KANAN Chanan to favor

    24. KAPIT Chaphets to incline to

    25. KARIT Charits incisure, sharf

    26. KARAS Charash to scratch

    27. KARAYOM Charayown doves dung

    28. KATAL Chathal to swathe

    29. KILYA Chelyah jewel

    30. KISAY Kissay overwhelm

    31. KUPE Khofe (kupe) a cove

    32. DALAG Dalag leap

    33. DAMA Dama to weep

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  2. 34. DAMA Damah to compare

    35. DATU Dath (Dawth) a royal edict or commandment

    36. DIBA Dib-bah evil report

    37. DODONG Dowdow King David – love

    38. DUWAG Du-weg be afraid

    39. GALA Galah to exile, depart

    40. GERA Gerah continuing, destroy

    41. GULAT Giylath joy, rejoicing

    42. HAH Hahh express grief

    43. HALAL Halal celebrate, renowned

    44. HALIKA Haliykah company, going

    45. HILIGAYNON Higaynon solemn sound

    46. IBSAN Ibtsan inflammatory

    47. ILAW Illaw to ascend

    48. INDAY Dowdah female of Dowdow –love

    49. ITAY Ittay unadvisedly

    50. LABAS Labash wrap around

    51. LAKAS Lachash amulet

    52. LAPAT Laphath take hold

    53. LAYAW La-yaw weary

    54. LEKAT Leh-kakh to take

    55. LUKOT Luchowth to glisten

    56. MAGALAW Mah-gaw-law to revolve

    57. MAGINAW Maginnaw shield

    58. MAGDALO Migdalah tower

    59. MAHAL Mahal to adulterate

    60. MAHALAL Mahalal fame

    61. MAHALAY Mahalay steep

    62. MAKALAT Machalat sickness

    63. MAKIRI Makiyriy salesman

    64. MALAYAW Meleah(mel-ay-aw) female of Mala, abundance

    65. MALAYU Mala to fulfilled

    66. MAYKAYA Mayka-Yah who is like Yah

    67. MINDANAO Mig-daw-naw be eminent, preciousness

    68. MULA Muhlah circumcision

    69. MURA Morah fear

    70. PALAYAW Pel-aw-yaw Yah has favored

    71. PANAW Pa-naw go away, cast out

    72. PARAM Param to tear

    73. PASAY Paw-say-akh exemption, skip over

    74. PATAK Pathach to open

    75. PATAW Paw-thaw persuade

    76. PETSA Petsa wound

    77. PILILLA Peliyla judge,Yah has judge

    78. PILEGES Piylegesh concubine

    79. PISTE Pishteh stupidity

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  3. 80. PITAK Pethach opening

    81. PO (Po) Po or Hoo (1931) derive from Hoo,third person

    82. POOK Pook obtain

    83. PUKAW Pookaw stumbling block

    84. PUTA Pothah hinge or the female pudenda

    85. PUTI Poothe scatter into corner

    86. SABAK Sabak to intwine

    87. SABAD Zabad to confer

    88. SAKAL Shaqal to suspend

    89. SAKIT Sheqets abominable

    90. SAGAD Saw-gad fall down

    91. SALAMAT Shalom peace

    92. SALAT Shalat to dominate

    93. SALO Sal-loo weighed

    94. SAMAR Shamar save yourself

    95. SAMAT Shamat fling down

    96. SAPAT Shaphat to judge

    97. SELOSA Shelowshah third wife

    98. SIBOL Zebool dwelling, residence

    99. SIBOL Shibbol ear of grain

    100. SIKIP Sheqeph loophole

    101. SULTAN Sholtan ruler, dominion

    102. TABAK Tabach to slaughter

    103. TAGA Tagah slap

    104. TALA Tala hang, suspended

    105. TANIM Tsanim thorn

    106. TAPAK Taphach flatten down

    107. TAPAL Taphal stick on as a patch

    108. TATUWA Tatua error

    109. TAWA Tawah to cheat

    110. TEKLA Tiklah perfection, completeness

    111. TENGA Teqa sound

    112. TIMPLA Tiphlah unsavoury

    113. TIRA Tiyrah a wall, fortress

    114. TUMIRA Tiymarah be erect

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  4. The language of Tagalog and Bisaya is Ancient-Hebrew

    According to Merriam-Webster International Unabridged dictionary that the Tagalog language and Visaya language comes from one group of language called Tagala that is branch-language of ancient Malay-Javanese language called Kawi which is now extinct. The Tagalog language has 30,000 root words, 700 affixes, and the root words which are famous about 5,000 words from Spanish, 3,200 from Malay-Indonesia, 1,500 words from Hebrew, 1,300 words from English, 300 from Sanskrit, 250 words from Arabic and very few words from Persian, Japanese, Russian. The Latin language was influenced from Spanish and English. The language of Visaya and Tagalog has many similarities about 3,800 well known words are the same and similar in usage. The Hiligaynon is the language of Visaya is also like the Higaynon in Hebrew word means “solemn sound”. The word “ya-wa” means a cursing word means evil, while “wa” means “not in you” in Visayan language. The word ‘ya” in Hebrew means “Yah” the short form of the name of the Mighty One of Yahshurunites (Israelites). Therefore the meaning of “ya-wa” means “Yahweh is not in you” or “evil” which is also a curse word in Hebrew language. The word ‘po’ derived from ‘ho’ is an ancient primitive Hebrew words are being mentioned in all dialects of the Philippines.
    Bisaya and Tagalog

    The well-known Maragtas in Visaya’s history claimed that ten (10) Datu lead by Datu Puti arrived in Panay and bought the plain land of Panay island. This people were called “VISAYA” the descendant of original Sri-Visjaya of 7th century from Borneo and Sulu. They carried the word “ya-we” in Visaya which means “key”, this was mentioned in Luke 11:52 “woe unto you, lawyers, for ye have taken away the “key of knowledge”, (the scribes took away the name Yahweh and replaced it with other name Adonai, the key is the name Yahweh). Datu Puti and other two (2) Datu, Datu Dumangsil and Datu Balensusa reached Mindoro and Taal (Batangas) where the language of the two Datu believed to be the origin of Tagalog language. The word Datu in Hebrew language means royal edict or statute, commandment, decree, law, manner. The Datu is the one who ruled and make decree, law and a royal family in Filipino history. The title “DATU” from the word Yashear-Dath or of Seser-dote or Priests of Yahshurun (Israel).

    ESCAPED REMNANT FROM ASSYRIASPEAKS ANCIENT-HEBREW
    The Priests from Cohat, Gerson and Merari that was removed from the kingdom of Yisrawale were the Escaped Remnant mentioned by Prophet Isaiah in 11:11 . they speak Ancient-Hebrew.
    According to the book The Christianization of the Philippines published by the University of San Agustin in Manila in 1965, the Jews had already been in our country even before the Spanish times. Don Pacheco Maldonado reported to the King of Spain in 1570: “The greater part of the inhabitants of Luzon are Muslims and Jews.”

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  5. WIKANG TAGALOG AT WIKANG BISAYA AY SINA-UNANG WIKANG HEBREO
    Si Ophir ay apo ni Noah kay Shem ay nagkaroon ng dalawang anak si Peleg at si Yoktam sa panahon ng nagkaiba-iba ang wika ng mga tao. Tanging si Heber lamang ang nakapag-ingat ng salita ng kanyang ninunong si Noah na wika rin ni Adan na tinawag na ‘HBR’ (Hebreo) hango sa pangalan ni Heber. Samakatwid si Peleg at Yoktam na mga anak ni Heber ay nagsasalita rin ng ‘HBR’. Ang apo ni Peleg si Abraham ay nagsasalita ng Hebreo sa Genesis 14:13, ang anak ni Yoktam si Ophir ay nagsasalita rin ng Hebreo, samakawid si Ophir ay nagsasalita ng Hebreo. Si Ophir ay ipinadala sa Silanganan sa Genesis 10:30.
    Sa sinulat ni Gregorio Zaide na History of the Filipino People ay tinukoy niya na tinawag ang Pilipinas noon ng “Ophir” bago paman ito tawagin ng mga Kastila na Pilipinas. Si Padre Chirino naman ay nagsabi na ang “Tagalog” ay may misteryo at walang nakaka-alam na wikang sina-unang Hebreo. Samakatwid ang wika ng taga Ophir ay Hebreo. Sa Merriam Webster International Unabridged Dictionary naman ay sinasabing ang Tagalog ay may 1,500 na salitang Hebreo. Ito ay matibay na ibedensya na mayroon ng nanirahang mga Hebreo sa bansa bago paman ito pangalanang Pilipinas ng mga Kastila. Matibay ding ibedensya ang Dokumento bilang 98 Collecion General de Documentos Relatives a las Islas Filipinas na nilinaw na ang “Ophir ay ang Pilipinas”. Isa pang magpapatunay ang Cabot Expedition noong Abril 3, 1526 na ang misyon ay tahakin ang ruta patungong Tarshis, Ophir, Oriental Cathay (China) at Japan. Sa mga ibedensyang ito ay Tutuo na Pilipinas ang Ophir at ang lahing Pilipino ay ang mga inapo ni Ophir at ang wikang Tagalog at wikang Bisaya ay nagmula sa wikang sina-unang Hebreo na nagmula pa kay Adan na pinagpatuloy ni Noah, pinagpatuloy ni Shem, pinagpatuloy ni Heber at mga anak niyang si Ophir at Yokyam at kanyang apo na si Ophir , hanggang makarating sa lupain ng Pilipinas. Pinaniniwalaan na ang mga dinatnan ng mga katiwala ni Haring Solomon at Haring Hiram ay parehas ang kanilang wika at nagka-intindihan dahil parehas silang nagsasalita ng Hebreo. Ang mga taga Ophir ay nagsasalita ng Hebreo ay ganoon din ang mga katiwala ni Haring Solomon at Haring Hiram ng tumungo sa mga isla ng Ophir upang kumuha ng mga ginto at ito ay naganap noong 1000 B.C.E.
    Dumating ang sampung (10) Datu sa pamumuno ni Datu Puti sa isla ng Panay ay nagka-intindihan sila dahil parehas ang kanilang wika na Hebreo at pinaniniwalaan na ang salita ni Datu Puti at dalawa pang Datu na tumungo sa Mindoro at Taal (Batangas) ay pinagmulan ng salitang Tagalog. Ang wikang Tagalog at wikang Bisaya ay 80% na magkaparehas ang mga salita at paggamit. Ang salita ng Kabisayaan ay tinatawag na ‘Hiligaynon’ ay sa wikang Hebreo naman ay ‘Higaynon’ na ibig sabihin ay “solemn sound”.
    Mula sa maraming ibedensya mula sa Biblia at sa History ay pinatunayan na ang kauna-unahang wika sa Pilipinas ay sina-unang Hebreo na nahaluan ng mga salita mula sa Malay-Indonesia, Arabic, Kastila, Sanskrit, English at kaunting salita mula sa Persia, Japan China at Russia. Nagkahalu-halo anga mga wikang ito batay sa pandarayuhan, kalakalan at pananakop ng ibang bansa sa lupain ng Pilipinas.

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  6. Mahigit 300 taon nasakop ng Kastila ang Pilipinas ay napanatili ang salitang Tagalog ang gamit ng mga Propagandista upang gisingin ang mga kamalayan ng mga Pilipino laban sa banyagang nanakop at ito ring ang wikang Tagalog ng Katipunan na naging pambansang wika noong 1896 sa pamamagitan ng Saligang Batas ng Biak na Bato. Hindi nagtagumpay ang mga Kastila na masakop ang wikang Tagalog.
    Mula sa pagkasakop ng mga Kastila ay pumalit naman ang mga Amerkano na kakaibang paraan ang pagsakop sa pamamagitan ng pagpilit na isinusubo sa bunganga ng mga Pilipino ang kanilang wikang English. Kahit na inihayag na Pambansang Wika noong panahong iyon na tanging English at Espanyol lamang ang opisyal na wikang ginagamit sa pamahalaan, sa paaralan at iba pang larangan ng pangangalakal ay nagsilbing Pambansang Wika ng Pilipinas, ngunit sadyang ang katutubong wika ng mga Pilipino ay iniingatan ni Abba Yahweh na sinasamba ni Abraham, ay hindi hinayaang tuluyang mawala sa sirkulasyon ng Bansang Pilipinas. May nagtanggol sa wikang ito na pinagalaw ni Abba Yahweh upang mapanatili ang wikang ito. Maraming nag ambag na nagtanggol upang mapanatili ang Wikang Tagalog sa puso at damdamin ng mga Pilipino, sina Andres Bonifacio, Francisco Balagtas, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Emilio Jacinto, Lope K. Santos at marami pang nagtanggol sa wikang ito. Si Jose Corazon de Jesus na sumulat ng ‘Imperyalismo’ noong 1923 ay ipinagtanggol sa katutubong wika at tinuligsa ang dulut ng wikang banyaga na nagtuturo sa mga Pilipino ng kabastusan, kasamaan, panloloko at panunulisan.
    Nong 1935 Konstitusyon ang Pambansang Assemblia ay gumawa ng hakbang sa pagpapatibay ng isang panlahat na Wikang Pambansa na nasasalig sa isa sa mga wikang katutubo. Si Pangulong Manuel L. Quezon ay isinulong ang Tanggapang Magsusuri sa mga wikang katutubo ng Pilipinas tungo sa paglinang at pagpapatibay ng isang panlahatang Wikang Pambansa sa Batas Commonwealth bilang 184 na naging Surian ng Wikang Pambansa noong ika-30 ng Disyembre 1937 ang Kautusan Tagapagpaganap bilang 134 nagtatakda sa Wikang Tagalog bilang batayan sa paglinang at pagpapatibay ng Wikang Pambansa sa Pilipinas.
    Naglabas ng Kautusang Tagapagpaganap bilang 263 noong ika-1 ng Abril 1940 na nagpapahintulot sa pagpapalimbag ng Tagalog-English Vocabulary at ang Balarila ng Wikang Pambansa at pagtuturo sa paaralang publiko at pribado ng Wikang Pambansa noong ika-19 ng Hunyo 1940 at napabilang na Wikang Opisyal ang Tagalog nong ika-4 ng Hulyo 1946 sa Batas Commonwealth bilang 570.
    Noong ika-13 ng Agosto 1959 nabago ang pangalan ng pambansang Wikang Tagalog sa “Pilipino” sa Kautusang Pangkagawaran Bilang 7 ng Kalihim ng Edukasyon na si Jose E. Romero.

    Mga Mambabatas naman ay nagpanukala na ang English ang siyang maging Pambansang Wika ng Pilipinas hanggang nakarating sa Hukumang Mababang Dulugan ng Maynila na nagdesisyon na “hindi mapagwawalang bahala o hindi mawawasak sa isang kumpas lamang ng panulat ang likha ng isang generasyon na pinaggugulan ng milyun-milyong piso. Umuunlad ang wika sa pagtanggap at paggamit ng bayan at patuloy ang proseso ng pagpapadalisay at pagpapayaman at hindi ito mapipigil sapagkat patuloy na nagbabago ang isang “Wikang Buhay”. Hindi maipagkakailang dumarami ang bilang ng mga Pilipinong nagsasalita ng Wikang Pambansa kung ihahambing sa bilang noong nakalipas na salinlahi nang pairalin ang Tagalog bilang batayan sa Wikang Pambansa”.
    Muli na naman ginabayan ni Abba Yahweh ang desisyong ito maging ang Mataas na Hukuman ay nagsabing “ito’y nasa katayuang lagpas sa awtoridad ng mga hukuman upang rebisahin at isantabi”.

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  7. Noong 1987 Konstitusyon sa Artikulo 14 seksyon 6 nagsasaad na ang Wikang Pambansa ng Pilipinas ay Filipino, samantalang nililinang ito ay dapat na payabungin at pagyamanin pa salig sa umiiral na mga wika sa Pilipinas at sa iba pang mga wika.
    Sa ganitong sitwasyon ay marami parin ang nagtangkang mapa-alis ang Wikang Pambansa sa pamimilit na gamitin ang English na kasangkapan daw sa pag-unlad ng Pilipinas. Ang Executive Order 210 na nag-aatas sa paggamit ng English bilang pangunahing wikang panturo na sinusugan pa ng iba pang mga mambabatas noon, ngunit hindi sila nagtagumpay.

    mababasa sa www.scribd.com Revised Pre-Hispanic History of Philippines
    ni Luzano Pancho Canlas ang “PHILIPPINES 2 MILLENNIUM HISTORY” maynakasulat na ganito:Page 43 , When the Spanish ruled the Philippines, they purposely destroyed
    books and other documents on History of the Pilipinos so that they can easily
    Christianize the people and make them forget their belief. The old books that
    were not destroyed by the Spaniards were the Tarsillas of the Muslim, the Book
    of Datu Sumakwel (which was the History of Panay) and that of Datu Kalantiaw.


    WHAT IS THIS BELIEF THAT THE SPANIARDS WANT THE PEOPLE TO FORGET?

    Sa pananampalataya ni Abraham at kanyang mga anak ay naniniwala sa paraiso. Ang Maragtas ng Panay ay pinalabas na Alamat lamang ngunit naisulat sa Chronology of Chinese Ming Dynasty ang tungkol sa sampung (10) Datu na pinamunuan ni Datu Putih. Noong 1200 – 1250 A.D. ang sampung (10) Datu na pinamumunuan ni Datu Putih kasama ang kanilang mga pamilya at tigasunod ay tumakas sa masamang pamamahala ni Sultan Makatunaw ang Sri-Visjaya Sultan ng Bornay (Borneo). Sila ay sumapit sa isla ng Aninipay sa Panay at binili ang lupang kapatagan ng mga ginto at alahas sa namumunong si Marikudo at tinawag nila ang lupain na Madya-as o paraiso na pinagmulan ng mga Ilongo na tinawag na Cradle of Ancient Filipino Civilization’. Itinatag nila ang Katiringban et Madia-as‘ o Confederation of Madya-as‘ na may pinaiiral na batas ni Kalantiaw (Code of Kalantiaw).




    SINA-UNANG PILIPINO AT HANGGANG NGAYON ANG LALAKING KABATAANG PILIPINO AY NAGPAPATULIKAGAYA NG ANAK NI ABRAHAMSI ISMAEL NA TINULI SA IDAD NA 13 TAONG GULANG

    Sa pananampalataya ni Abraham at kanyang mga anak at lalabas pang lahi ay nagpapatuli na Walang Hanggang Tipan (kontrata) ni Abraham at ng kanyang mga susunod na anak at lahi kay Abba YAHWEH na mababasa sa Genesis 17:9-10


    Pilipino Nagpapatuli sa idad na 13 Taon

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  8. Project Gutenberg's The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803, by E.H. Blair

    This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
    almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
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    Title: The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803
    Volume III, 1569-1576

    Author: E.H. Blair

    Release Date: December 6, 2004 [EBook #13616]

    Language: English

    Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

    *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, 1493-1803 ***




    Produced by Jeroen Hellingman and the PG Distributed Proofreaders Team.

    Letter from Juan Pacheco Maldonado to Felipe II
    Catholic Royal Majesty:
    In the year of seventy, your Majesty's camp being in the island of Panae, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, your governor, was informed that the island of Luzon was very fertile and well populated, and afforded a good opportunity for trade. Since the island of Panae was poor, and the men there were in great extremity, he sent the master-of-camp, Martin de Goiti, with a sufficient force to examine the island of Luzon, and offer peace and friendship to its natives. The said master-of-camp, having arrived at the said island of Luzon, at the port and city of Manila, found that the natives had built a fort and mounted six pieces of heavy artillery and a number of chambered guns, and had collected a large force to defend the entrance. The said master-of-camp, seeing that the people of the said town of Manila had taken up arms, required them many times, by means of an interpreter whom he brought, to receive them in peace; because the governor sent them to win their friendship, and to see if there was any place where they might come to settle, and not to do them any harm. The natives of Manila would not admit these reasons, on the contrary they began Page 269to discharge their artillery, trying to sink the vessels that the said master-of-camp brought. The latter, seeing that they made war on him, disembarked his men, took the fort without assault and its artillery. The men fled inland, forsaking the town and fort, where the said master-of-camp awaited them four days, to see if they would make peace, to which effect he questioned them many times. When he saw that they would not accept his terms, he took their artillery and ammunition and returned with these to the island of Panae, where was the aforesaid governor Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. When the latter heard the true report and relation that was brought from that land, he left, in the year following (of seventy-five)1 the island of Panae, where he had settled, for that of Luzon, because the latter is well populated and has a considerable trade with the neighboring islands and the mainland of China. He entered the harbor with his fleet and by means of the interpreter whom he carried with him, using on many different occasions, the necessary means, he urged and notified the natives to receive him in peace, as vassals of your Majesty. He told them that by your Majesty's order the Spaniards had come to that land to protect the natives from their enemies, to instruct them in civilization, and to preach to them the gospel and the way of salvation—for such is the attitude that your Majesty is pleased should be taken toward them—but the said natives would not consider it.

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  9. They put the governor off with long delays for four days, during which the latter permitted Page 270nothing to be landed from the fleet. Thus he made the natives certain of his intention. At the end of the four days, the chiefs of the said town and vicinity came to seek peace for themselves and their villages. The said governor, in your Majesty's name, received the acknowledgment and vassalage which they owed your Majesty. Peace and friendship being thus effected, the governor disembarked with all his men, and in your Majesty's royal name took possession of the whole island of Luzon. He founded and settled the city of Manila, and called the said island El nuevo reino de Castilla [“the new kingdom of Castilla”]. Having done this, he tried in every way to bring the most of the natives to actual acknowledgment. Many did not do so, nor have they been willing to; on the contrary, they induced others not to submit, saying that the Castilians, as they call the Spaniards, could not remain in that land, since they were so few; and that the people, by making war on them, could make an end of them. So it was necessary to subdue those rebels. This made trouble, because in the end they will be subjected by the said governor and the troops whom he has brought with him. The governor was diligent in reconnoitering the said island, which he found to be very rich in many gold mines, which the natives improve and work, especially in the province called Ylucos. The latter is very fertile, abounding in provisions: rice, fowls, swine, goats, buffaloes, deer, and many kinds of lake-birds, all in great abundance. In this island there are many provinces, and in each one of them there are different tongues and customs. The greater number of the people are Mahometan Moros and Indians; besides other Indians who tattoo Page 271themselves in the fashion of their ancestors, and invoke the demon. They have no native king. Certain of the richest individual chiefs rule the country. They wage war with one another, take prisoners in their wars, enslave them, and sell them from province to province.

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  10. This island of Luzon is sixty leagues from the mainland of China. The city and harbor of Manila is in thirteen degrees north latitude. This island measures five hundred leagues in circumference. It has fine harbors, bays, and rivers of good depth, better harbors being found along the south side. This island is little more than one hundred leagues east of the island of Burney. Likewise the islands of Maluco, Filolo [Gilolo], Tidore, Ternate, and Ambon, called the Malucos, are three hundred leagues south of this island of Luzon. So also the rich country of Japan, whence is brought great quantities of silver, is three hundred leagues, more or less, distant from die island of Luzon. Every year Japanese ships come to these islands laden with merchandise. Their principal trade is the exchange of gold for silver, two to two and a half marcos2 of silver for one of gold. Two hundred leagues south of Luzon is the island of Mindanao, whence is brought cinnamon. Likewise about one hundred leagues north of Luzon, and very near the mainland of China, is an island that they call Cauchi, which has a great abundance of pepper. The king of China maintains trade with mis island, and so there are many Chinese there. They have their own agency for the collection of the Page 272pepper. Twelve or fifteen ships from the mainland of China come each year to the city of Manila, laden with merchandise: figured silks of all sorts; wheat, flour, and sugar; many kinds of fruit; iron, steel, tin, brass, copper, lead, and other kinds of metals; and everything in the same abundance as in España and the Indies, so that they lack for nothing. The prices of everything are so moderate, that they are to be had almost for nothing. They also bring a great deal of bronze artillery, very well wrought, and all sorts of military supplies. This island of Luzon is very suitable and convenient for trade with China; men can reach the mainland from this island, because it is so near. On this same island there is very good material for building ships and galleys, if it should please your Majesty to send workmen for this purpose. As has been pointed out above, the said island of Luzon is very clearly shown to be fertile and abounding in provisions, cloth, apparel, and whatever is most necessary for the preservation of human life. Therefore this island ought to be settled and pacified, and what there is in it sought out and discovered, because the island is so large and powerful. For that reason, it is desirable that your Majesty be pleased to provide what is necessary for that purpose, and for his plans for the future, as follows:
    The first thing necessary, in order to secure and settle the said island of Luzon, to gain accurate information of what is yet unknown about it, and to sustain the claims that we have advanced, is to send Spanish people—that is, religious and soldiers.

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  11. The religious whom your Majesty might send for the present are forty or fifty friars—learned theologians of mature age and good life and habits. With Page 273these and the religious of the order of St. Augustine, who have five monasteries in the neighboring islands—namely, one in the island and town of Cubu, another in the island and town of Oton [in Panay], another in the island and town of Mindoro, another in the city of Manila, and another in Tondo (which is in Luzon)—great results will be achieved; for the religious of these five monasteries have labored much and assiduously in the conversion of the natives, and our Lord has been well served. By the preaching of the gospel to them, which has been done by these said religious, there have been converted to our holy Catholic faith, receiving the water of baptism, a great number of Indians, especially those from the island and town of Cubu, who were pagans,3 and easily converted. And likewise in the island of Luzon, some native Chinese who were settled there, being people of greater intelligence, have recognized the truth of the divine law and are baptized and live as Christians. As the rest of the people are Moros, it has not been possible to secure the desired result, on account of their resistance. This may be attained, by the favor of God, if your Majesty be pleased to send the said number of forty to fifty religious, of the kind above described.
    Second, your Majesty will be pleased to send also, with the said religious, a prelate, creating bishop or archbishop of the said city of Manila the reverend Page 274father Fray Diego de Herrera, of the order of St. Augustine. The father is a man of learning and of good life, who has labored much for the conversion of the Indians of those islands. With him send as many of the secular clergy as your Majesty pleases, who can act as prebends, canons, and chaplains; these likewise should be persons of learning and good life, and should all be subject to the above-mentioned prelate.
    The third has to do with soldiers. May your Majesty please to send five hundred soldiers here, who may be posted in the said island of Luzon, so that by their help the said governor can subjugate and settle the said island of Luzon, and discover other neighboring islands.
    Fourth: These said five hundred men can come at less cost, provided your Majesty be pleased to keep to the following order: that the said troops should be collected in España under the pretext that it is done for the convoy of the fleet which goes from these kingdoms to the said Nueva España. Accordingly, of the two hundred men who ordinarily are accustomed to go from Sevilla to Nueva España in convoy of the said fleet, one hundred may be left behind, the number of these hundred being supplied on the journey over from the number of the said five hundred; on the return trip of the said fleet from Nueva España to these kingdoms, the places of the said hundred soldiers may be taken by a hundred passengers, from those who generally come. As a result, at each trip and return one hundred soldiers will be spared, and thus between seven and eight thousand ducats saved.

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  12. Fifth: When the said five hundred men have arrived Page 275in Nueva España, on the very day when they disembark in the harbor of Vera Cruz, they shall go directly to the harbor of Acapulco, which is one hundred and twenty leagues, more or less, from the harbor of Vera Cruz. For when the said troops arrive at the port of Acapulco, it will be more than two months since the fleet from the said island of Luzon will have arrived at the port of Acapulco. So the troops can be embarked immediately on the said fleet, and make their way to the island of Luzon and other islands. To try to raise the said five hundred soldiers in Nueva España would be impossible, on account of the great cost that would result; because each soldier would cost more than one hundred and fifty pesos as a gratuity (the sum usually given), or even a greater sum; and even if the said expense should be incurred, they could not arrive under the banner of the hundred soldiers above—and that with great trouble and vexation, as is well known.
    Sixth: It is necessary, on the arrival of the said five hundred soldiers, at the said islands, to effect immediately the purpose for which they were brought—namely, to subjugate, settle, and explore both the said island of Luzon, and those regions nearest China: the Japans, the Lequios, and the island of Escauchu; this is a very important matter. It is necessary that your Majesty should send us workmen, masters to build ships and galleys, locksmiths, and blacksmiths to the number of fifty. For all of these workmen your Majesty, if he so please, could take the negro slaves whom your Majesty has on the fortifications of Habana, considering that the fortifications are finished now, and the men are no longer needed there.Page 276
    Seventh: When the said fifty workmen have arrived, considering in these islands the great plenty and abundance of wood, iron, and other materials most necessary for building the said ships, the said workmen should build three or four vessels each year, so that the trip can be made from Nueva España to the said islands and return, with two fleets. Likewise from the larger islands can be made voyages of discovery, subjugation, and colonization, and thus ascertain thoroughly the secret of the so great riches and trade possessed by the said islands, in order that your Majesty may be best served in everything. I beseech and supplicate this, and especially that your Majesty be pleased to provide promptly everything thus requested—seeing that delays might cause bad results, because of the small number of the Spaniards, and the great work to be done at present in this island of Luzon; and because those here deserve all the reward and kind succor that your Majesty may extend to them.
    Juan Pacheco MaldonadoPage 277

    1 Thus in the original (setenta y cinco); but it must be a slip of the writer, since Legazpi removed to Manila in May, 1571, which was organized as a city a year later—as is shown by the “Documents of 1571–72,” ante.
    2 The marco was the unit of weight used in weighing gold and silver in the different Latin countries. In Spain it was equivalent to O.507641 lb.
    3 “Most authors use this nomenclature: 'Moros' are Mahometans, of more or less pure Malay race, in whose civilization are the remains of Oriental barbarism; 'infidels' or 'pagans,' [gentiles], Filipinos whose only religion is one of the idolatrous rites, more or less absurd, which are natural to savages: and 'Christians,' the Indians whom our meritorious religious have converted to the faith of Jesus Christ.”—Retana (Zúñiga, ii. p. 9*).

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  13. Yahvehism: The Religion of Prophet Moses and His People,
    The object of Mahometan worship is purely intellectual; no image, no representation of Allah is tolerated. Mahomet is a prophet but still a man—not elevated above human weaknesses. The leading features of Mahometanism involves ...
    Go to page The Moonstone by Collins, Wilkie
    The few Mahometan families, thinly scattered about the villages in the interior, are afraid to taste meat of any kind.
    Go to page A Voyage to Abyssinia by Lobo, Father
    Mahomet on his part was not idle; he solicited the assistance of the Mahometan princes, pressed them with all the motives of religion, and obtained a reinforcement of two thousand musketeers from the Arabs, and a train of artillery from the Turks.
    Go to page The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling by Fielding, Henry
    Nay," added he, "you yourself will allow it may exist independent of all but one: so will a Mahometan, a Jew, and all the maintainers of all the different sects in the world.
    Go to page English Literature For Boys And Girls by Marshall, H.E.
    He wrote several long poems, the two best known perhaps are The Curse of Kehama and Thalaba, the one a Hindoo, the other a Mahometan story, but he is better remembered by his short poems, such as The Battle of Blenheim and The Inchcape Rock.
    Go to page The Devil's Dictionary by Bierce, Ambrose
    The Mahometan Supreme Being, as distinguished from the

    Go to page Don Quixote by Cervantes, Miguel
    Thus saith Cide Hamete the Mahometan philosopher; for there are many that by the light of nature alone, without the light of faith, have a comprehension of the fleeting nature and instability of this present life and the endless duration of that eternal life we hope for; but our author is here speaking of the rapidity with which Sancho's government came to an end, melted away, disappeared, vanished as it were in smoke and shadow.
    Go to page Robinson Crusoe by Defoe, Daniel
    My beard I had once suffered to grow till it was about a quarter of a yard long; but as I had both scissors and razors sufficient, I had cut it pretty short, except what grew on my upper lip, which I had trimmed into a large pair of Mahometan whiskers, such as I had seen worn by some Turks at Sallee, for the Moors did not wear such, though the Turks did; of these moustachios, or whiskers, I will not say they were long enough to hang my hat upon them, but they were of a length and shape monstrous enough, and such as in England would have passed for frightful.

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  14. Go to page The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe by Defoe, Daniel
    My nephew wished to accept their money at first word, and to consider what to do with them afterwards; but I overruled him in that part, for I knew what it was to be set on shore in a strange country; and if the Portuguese captain that took me up at sea had served me so, and taken all I had for my deliverance, I must have been starved, or have been as much a slave at the Brazils as I had been at Barbary, the mere being sold to a Mahometan excepted; and perhaps a Portuguese is not a much better master than a Turk, if not in some cases much worse.
    Go to page Vanity Fair by Thackeray, William Makepeace
    The odious Mahometan expresses himself charmed by her beauty.
    Go to page Notre-Dame de Paris by Hugo, Victor
    It was, in truth, that redoubtable Cour des Miracles, whither an honest man had never penetrated at such an hour; the magic circle where the officers of the Châtelet and the sergeants of the provostship, who ventured thither, disappeared in morsels; a city of thieves, a hideous wart on the face of Paris; a sewer, from which escaped every morning, and whither returned every night to crouch, that stream of vices, of mendicancy and vagabondage which always overflows in the streets of capitals; a monstrous hive, to which returned at nightfall, with their booty, all the drones of the social order; a lying hospital where the bohemian, the disfrocked monk, the ruined scholar, the ne'er-do-wells of all nations, Spaniards, Italians, Germans,--of all religions, Jews, Christians, Mahometans, idolaters, covered with painted sores, beggars by day, were transformed by night into brigands; an immense dressing-room, in a word, where, at that epoch, the actors of that eternal comedy, which theft, prostitution, and murder play upon the pavements of Paris, dressed and undressed.
    RELIGION OF THE MAHOMETANS to be sure, vile enough ; but the better class of Mahometans have some knowledge of the God of Abraham ; and pious Mahometans are to be met with in India, who have been permitted to ...

    was also told at Bafra, that the Hanesites were enjoined not to eat the slesh of the horse. Of all the animals which live in the water, the Mahometans eat none but sisli, and not every kind of them. Thofe which are considered pure, ought, ...

    THE Mahometans tolerate all religions, but encourage and reward the disciples of none but their own : nay, if contempt, reproach and ...

    The Oriental Mahometans by no means keep so many festivals as the Catholic Christians ; but the Mahometans of the west have multiplied them* and observed them with much greater zeal than do the Ottomans. It appears to be a general rule ...
    It is true, the Mahometans pretend, that the very name of Mahomet, both here and in other places of the Gospel, was expressly mentioned, but that the Christians, out of malice, have blotted it out, and corrupted those holy writings; and that

    The Unitarians, in fact, descend lower in the scale of heresy, than the Mahometans ; inasmuch as they deny, while the Mahometans admit, that Christ was born of a Virgin. " The Mahometans agree in part with the milder sect" (of the Ebionites,

    A short view of the history of the Christian Church

    The Christian conquerors of Jerusalem had to contend not only with the Mahometan Saracens, who sprung from Arabia, but also with a more hardy and more savage race of Mahometans

    Every one knows in what the circumcision of males consists: every one knows that the Jews and Mahometans are circumcised. Among the ancient Egyptians it was considered as an indispensable operation. Whether their climate necessarily ...

    Kings left their own dominions a prey to anarchy and confusion, to attempt the overthrow of the Mahometans in the eastern countries. The Pope had called this war holy. Indulgencies of the fullest kind were granted to the crusaders.

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  15. Strong Philippines-Israel Friendship
    February 28, 2014 11:46 pm

    by Rick Ramos
    Last Wednesday, 26 February 2014, I attended the Friendship Day Celebration between the state of Israel and the Philippines at the Rockwell Tent in Makati. It was the commemoration of the 56th year of the Treaty of Friendship between our two countries.
    Not many people know that there are the bonds that tie the special relationship between our country and that of Israel. In fact, there have been Jews in the Philippines prior to the arrival of the Spaniards in our shores in the mid-1500s. This is not surprising because Jews have been in diaspora for over a thousand years, reaching Iran and India.
    According the book The Christianization of the Philippines published by the University of San Agustin in Manila in 1965, the Jews had already been in our country even before the Spanish times. Don Pacheco Maldonado reported to the King of Spain in 1570: “The greater part of the inhabitants of Luzon are Muslims and Jews.”

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  16. The Boxer Codex depicts the Tagalogs, Visayans, Zambals, Cagayanes or possibly Ibanags and Negritos of the Philippines in vivid colour. The technique of the paintings, as does the use of Chinese paper, ink, and paints, suggests that the unknown artist may have been Chinese.[2]
    It is believed that the original owner of the manuscript was Luis Pérez das Mariñas, son of Governor General Gómez Pérez das Mariñas, who was killed in 1593 by Sangleys or Chinese living in the Philippines. Luis succeeded his father in office as Governor-General of the Philippines. Since Spanish colonial governors were required to submit written reports on the territories they governed, it is likely that the manuscript was written under the orders of the governor.[2]
    The manuscript's earliest known owner was Lord Ilchester. The codex was among what remained in his collection when his estate, Holland House in London, suffered from direct German shelling on 27 September 1940 during the The Blitz. The manuscript was auctioned in 1947 and came into the possession of Professor Charles Ralph Boxer, an authority on the Far East, and after whom the document is named. It is now owned by the Lilly Library at Indiana University.[1]

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  17. "The Bible does not give the geographical position of Ophir; it only says that the voyage out from Ezion-geber and back lasted three years (1 Kings 10:22)."

    The PROOF is the VOYAGE of FERDINAND MAGELLAN towards discovery of Philippines:

    Year Month Day Event
    1522 09 04 Return of the ship "VICTORIA' that circumnavigated the globe
    1519 09 20 Magellan set out to sail from Seville, Spain
    ____________________________________________________________________
    2years 11 months 16 days (roundtrip from the Philippines)

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